数字山地与遥感应用中心 知识库

地表蒸散是陆地生态系统水文循环过程中最重要的水分输出机制,也是决定地表水热平衡的关键参量。然而,在山地特殊的气候和地形条件下,山地地表蒸散过程表现出极大的复杂性及地形相关性。本文在地表蒸散遥感估算方法的基础上,综述了当前面向山地复杂地形环境的地表蒸散遥感估算研究进展,讨论了山地地表蒸散空间分布的复杂性及高空间异质性,并分析了山地地表蒸散遥感估算存在的问题及可能的解决途径。

Surface Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the most important terms of hydrological cycle in terrestrial ecosystems and also a key parameter in water and heat balances on the Earth's surface. Accurately obtaining the spatio-temporal characteristics of mountain ET is essential for quantitatively understanding mountain water cycle and protecting mountain ecological environment. However,under mountain special climate and terrain conditions, mountain evapotranspiration process usually shows great complexity and high relevance to surface terrain. Compared with the traditional ground site measurements,remote sensing estimation method based on Earth observation satellite technology can obtain a wide range of spatial distribution of ET. This research briefly introduced the main surface evapotranspiration estimation methods, including surface energy balance models, Penman-Monteith models, temperature-vegetation index space methods,Priestley-Taylor models and other methods such as empirical statistical methods,complementary methods and land process assimilation models. The influence of complex terrain on surface water and heat pattern pointed out the complexity and high spatial heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of mountain ET. By reviewing the current studies of remote sensing based ET estimation methods with focuses on complex terrain environment,the problems of mountain ET remote sensing estimation was concluded and their possible solutions for promoting the development of mountain ET remote sensing estimation methods was suggested.